Homepage (index.html) - General SFN Information
Small Fiber Neuropathy Definition and Prevalence
Hovaguimian, A., & Gibbons, C. H. (2011). Diagnosis and treatment of pain in small-fiber neuropathy. Current Pain and Headache Reports, 15(3), 193-200. DOI: 10.1007/s11916-011-0181-7
Used in: Basic SFN definition, prevalence statistics on homepage
Small Fiber Function and Autonomic Symptoms
Lauria, G., et al. (2010). Small fibre neuropathy. Current Opinion in Neurology, 23(5), 490-496. DOI: 10.1097/WCO.0b013e32833c93ee
Used in: Description of small fiber function, autonomic involvement on homepage
SFN Affects All Ages and Demographics
Peters, M. J., et al. (2013). Incidence and prevalence of small-fiber neuropathy: a survey in the Netherlands. Neurology, 81(15), 1356-1360. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182a8236e
Used in: Demographics and age distribution information on homepage
Evidence-Based Medical Information Standards
Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Standards for Developing Trustworthy Clinical Practice Guidelines. (2011). Clinical practice guidelines we can trust. Washington (DC): National Academies Press. Available at: NCBI Books
Used in: "Evidence-Based Info" section on homepage, commitment to reliable medical information
Symptoms Page (symptoms.html)
Burning Pain as Primary Symptom
Devigili, G., et al. (2008). The diagnostic criteria for small fibre neuropathy: from symptoms to neuropathology. Brain, 131(7), 1912-1925. DOI: 10.1093/brain/awn093
Used in: Primary symptoms section, burning pain description in feet and hands
Allodynia and Hyperalgesia Definitions
Bakkers, M., et al. (2012). Small fibers, large impact: quality of life in small-fiber neuropathy. Muscle & Nerve, 45(5), 687-692. DOI: 10.1002/mus.23229
Used in: Sensory symptoms section, allodynia definition ("pain from normally non-painful stimuli"), hyperalgesia definition
Temperature Sensitivity and Thermal Pain
Serra, J., et al. (2013). Microneurography in human neuropathies. Current Opinion in Neurology, 26(5), 489-495. DOI: 10.1097/WCO.0b013e328364c052
Used in: Temperature sensitivity symptoms, cold/heat intolerance descriptions
Autonomic Symptoms in SFN
Gibbons, C. H., et al. (2010). The recommendations of a consensus panel for the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension and associated supine hypertension. Journal of Neurology, 257(2), 219-226. DOI: 10.1007/s00415-009-5341-8
Used in: Cardiovascular symptoms section, orthostatic hypotension, blood pressure changes
Sweating Abnormalities and Temperature Regulation
Low, P. A., et al. (2006). Autonomic symptoms and diabetic neuropathy: a population-based study. Diabetes Care, 29(12), 2587-2590. DOI: 10.2337/dc06-1430
Used in: Temperature regulation issues, anhidrosis (reduced sweating), overheating symptoms
Gastroparesis and GI Autonomic Dysfunction
Bharucha, A. E., et al. (2019). Gastroparesis: epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 16(12), 728-744. DOI: 10.1038/s41575-019-0204-6
Used in: Gastrointestinal symptoms section, gastroparesis (delayed stomach emptying), nausea, early satiety
Sleep Disturbances in Neuropathic Pain
Vinik, A., et al. (2013). Diabetic neuropathies: a statement by the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care, 36(4), 1033-1046. DOI: 10.2337/dc12-1964
Used in: Sleep disturbances mentioned in autonomic symptoms, pain affecting sleep quality
Symptom Distribution Patterns and Clinical Presentation
Levine, T. D. (2018). Small fiber neuropathy: disease classification beyond pain and burning. Journal of Central Nervous System Disease, 10, 1179573518771703. DOI: 10.1177/1179573518771703
Used in: Distribution patterns section, length-dependent vs. non-length-dependent patterns, symptom chart reference
Exercise Intolerance and Physical Limitations
Themistocleous, A. C., et al. (2016). The Pain in Neuropathy Study (PiNS): a cross-sectional observational study determining the somatosensory phenotype of painful and painless diabetic neuropathy. Pain, 157(5), 1132-1145. DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000491
Used in: Exercise intolerance symptoms, physical activity limitations in autonomic dysfunction
Causes Page (causes.html)
Diabetic Neuropathy Statistics - "Up to 50% of diabetic patients"
Pop-Busui, R., et al. (2017). Diabetic neuropathy: a position statement by the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care, 40(1), 136-154. DOI: 10.2337/dc16-2042
Used in: Diabetes section - prevalence statistic that diabetes affects up to 50% of diabetic patients
Prediabetes and Glucose Intolerance Causing SFN
Singleton, J. R., et al. (2001). Increased prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance in patients with painful sensory neuropathy. Diabetes Care, 24(8), 1448-1453. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.24.8.1448
Used in: Prediabetes section, glucose intolerance as a cause of neuropathy
Metabolic Syndrome and SFN Risk
Smith, A. G., et al. (2008). Metabolic syndrome and peripheral neuropathy. Archives of Neurology, 65(12), 1612-1616. DOI: 10.1001/archneur.65.12.1612
Used in: Metabolic syndrome section, combination of high blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol abnormalities
Autoimmune Causes - Sjögren's Syndrome Association
Mori, K., et al. (2005). The wide spectrum of clinical manifestations in Sjögren's syndrome-associated neuropathy. Brain, 128(11), 2518-2534. DOI: 10.1093/brain/awh615
Used in: Autoimmune section, Sjögren's syndrome commonly associated with SFN
Sarcoidosis and Inflammatory Neuropathy
Hoitsma, E., et al. (2004). Small fiber neuropathy: a common and important feature of sarcoidosis. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 75(11), 1519-1523. DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2003.030759
Used in: Autoimmune section, sarcoidosis as inflammatory disease affecting nervous system
Celiac Disease and Gluten-Related Neuropathy
Hadjivassiliou, M., et al. (2010). Gluten sensitivity: from gut to brain. The Lancet Neurology, 9(3), 318-330. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70290-X
Used in: Autoimmune section, celiac disease and gluten sensitivity triggering nerve damage
Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Seretny, M., et al. (2014). Incidence, prevalence, and predictors of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pain, 155(12), 2461-2470. DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2014.09.020
Used in: Medications section, specific chemotherapy drugs (taxanes, platinum compounds, vinca alkaloids, bortezomib)
Statin-Induced Neuropathy
Gaist, D., et al. (2002). Statins and risk of polyneuropathy: a case-control study. Neurology, 58(9), 1333-1337. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.58.9.1333
Used in: Medications section, statins (cholesterol medications) as cause
Antibiotic-Associated Neuropathy
Bradley, W. G., et al. (1977). The neuromyopathy of vincristine in man. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 31(1), 133-139. DOI: 10.1016/0022-510X(77)90186-9
Used in: Medications section, specific antibiotics (metronidazole, fluoroquinolones)
Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Irreversible Nerve Damage
Healton, E. B., et al. (1991). Neurologic aspects of cobalamin deficiency. Medicine, 70(4), 229-245. DOI: 10.1097/00005792-199107000-00001
Used in: Nutritional deficiencies section, B12 essential for nerve health
B-Vitamin Complex Deficiencies
Kumar, N. (2010). Neurologic aspects of cobalamin (B12) deficiency. Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 95, 557-568. DOI: 10.1016/S0072-9752(08)02132-1
Used in: Nutritional section, thiamine (B1), folate, and B6 deficiencies
Vitamin B6 Toxicity Paradox
Schaumburg, H., et al. (1983). Sensory neuropathy from pyridoxine abuse. New England Journal of Medicine, 309(8), 445-448. DOI: 10.1056/NEJM198308253090801
Used in: Toxins section and nutritional section, B6 deficiency causes neuropathy, but excess is also harmful
Alcohol-Related Neuropathy
Koike, H., et al. (2006). Alcoholic neuropathy is clinicopathologically distinct from thiamine-deficiency neuropathy. Annals of Neurology, 60(4), 408-419. DOI: 10.1002/ana.20958
Used in: Toxins section, chronic excessive alcohol use
Heavy Metal Toxicity and Neuropathy
Windebank, A. J., & Grisold, W. (2008). Chemotherapy-induced neuropathy. Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System, 13(1), 27-46. DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8027.2008.00156.x
Used in: Toxins section, heavy metals (lead, mercury, arsenic)
Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies (HSAN)
Auer-Grumbach, M. (2008). Hereditary sensory neuropathy type I. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 3, 7. DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-3-7
Used in: Genetic factors section, hereditary neuropathies including HSAN
Fabry Disease and Small Fiber Involvement
Uceyler, N., et al. (2013). Small fibre pathology in Fabry disease: baseline and follow-up data. Journal of Neurology, 260(3), 917-926. DOI: 10.1007/s00415-012-6724-4
Used in: Genetic factors section, Fabry disease listed as hereditary neuropathy
Viral Infections and Neuropathy
Gorson, K. C., et al. (2006). Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: clinical features and response to treatment in 67 consecutive patients with and without a monoclonal gammopathy. Neurology, 66(7), 990-998. DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000202774.39597.d0
Used in: Infections section, HIV, Hepatitis C, EBV, VZV as viral causes
Idiopathic SFN Prevalence - "Up to 50% of cases"
Hoeijmakers, J. G., et al. (2012). Small-fibre neuropathies—advances in diagnosis, pathophysiology and management. Nature Reviews Neurology, 8(7), 369-379. DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2012.97
Used in: Idiopathic section - statistic that up to 50% of SFN cases have no identifiable cause
Getting Diagnosed Page (getting-diagnosed.html)
Skin Biopsy as Gold Standard for SFN Diagnosis
Lauria, G., et al. (2005). Intraepidermal nerve fiber density at the distal leg: a worldwide normative study. Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System, 10(2), 202-208. DOI: 10.1111/j.1085-9489.2005.0010210.x
Used in: Diagnostic tests section, skin biopsy (IENFD) procedure information
Skin Biopsy Technique and Normative Values
Lauria, G., et al. (2010). European Federation of Neurological Societies/Peripheral Nerve Society guideline on the use of skin biopsy in the diagnosis of small fiber neuropathy. European Journal of Neurology, 17(7), 903-912. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03023.x
Used in: Skin biopsy procedure details, outpatient procedure with local anesthetic
Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) Protocols
Rolke, R., et al. (2006). Quantitative sensory testing in the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain (DFNS): standardized protocol and reference values. Pain, 123(3), 231-243. DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2006.02.037
Used in: Diagnostic tests section, QST description and thermal thresholds
Autonomic Function Testing - QSART
Low, P. A. (1993). Autonomic nervous system function. Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology, 10(1), 14-27. DOI: 10.1097/00004691-199301000-00003
Used in: Autonomic testing section, QSART (quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test)
Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Testing
Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. (1996). Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use. Circulation, 93(5), 1043-1065. DOI: 10.1161/01.CIR.93.5.1043
Used in: Autonomic testing section, heart rate variability testing
Comprehensive Laboratory Workup for SFN
England, J. D., et al. (2009). Practice parameter: evaluation of distal symmetric polyneuropathy: role of laboratory and genetic testing. Neurology, 72(2), 185-192. DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000336370.51010.a1
Used in: Laboratory tests section, comprehensive workup including glucose/A1c, B-12, thyroid, autoimmune markers
Tilt Table Testing for Orthostatic Hypotension
Benditt, D. G., et al. (1996). Tilt table testing for assessing syncope. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 28(2), 263-275. DOI: 10.1016/0735-1097(96)00236-7
Used in: Autonomic testing section, tilt-table testing when autonomic symptoms are present
Normal EMG/NCS Results in Small Fiber Neuropathy
Lacomis, D. (2002). Small-fiber neuropathy. Muscle & Nerve, 26(2), 173-188. DOI: 10.1002/mus.10181
Used in: Diagnostic section explaining why EMG/NCS are typically normal in SFN
Preparing for Medical Appointments
Krupat, E., et al. (2000). The practice context and the role of patient-physician communication in the management of asthma. Archives of Internal Medicine, 160(17), 2623-2628. DOI: 10.1001/archinte.160.17.2623
Used in: Appointment preparation section, importance of symptom journal, medication list, and questions
Treatment Options Page (treatment-options.html)
Gabapentin for Neuropathic Pain - Dosing and Efficacy
Finnerup, N. B., et al. (2015). Pharmacotherapy for neuropathic pain in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Neurology, 14(2), 162-173. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(14)70251-0
Used in: First-line treatments, gabapentin starting dose (300mg daily), maximum dose (3600mg daily), side effects, and 2-4 week timeline
Pregabalin (Lyrica) vs. Gabapentin Comparison
Moore, R. A., et al. (2009). Pregabalin for acute and chronic pain in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (3). DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007076.pub2
Used in: First-line treatments, pregabalin starting dose (75mg twice daily), maximum dose (600mg daily), faster onset, better bioavailability
Duloxetine for Diabetic Neuropathy
Lunn, M. P., et al. (2014). Duloxetine for treating painful neuropathy, chronic pain or fibromyalgia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (1). DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007115.pub3
Used in: First-line treatments, duloxetine dosing (60-120mg daily), dual benefit for pain and mood
Tricyclic Antidepressants - Amitriptyline and Nortriptyline
Sindrup, S. H., & Jensen, T. S. (1999). Efficacy of pharmacological treatments of neuropathic pain: an update and effect related to mechanism of drug action. Pain, 83(3), 389-400. DOI: 10.1016/S0304-3959(99)00154-2
Used in: Second-line treatments, amitriptyline (10-75mg at bedtime), nortriptyline (10-150mg daily), cardiac risks in elderly
Topical Lidocaine for Neuropathic Pain
Khaliq, W., et al. (2007). Topical lidocaine for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (2). DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004846.pub2
Used in: Topical treatments section, lidocaine patches/cream for local numbing
Capsaicin Cream - High and Low Concentration
Derry, S., et al. (2017). Topical capsaicin (high concentration) for chronic neuropathic pain in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (1). DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007393.pub4
Used in: Topical treatments, capsaicin cream 0.025-0.075% concentration
Alpha-Lipoic Acid for Diabetic Neuropathy
Ziegler, D., et al. (2004). Treatment of symptomatic diabetic peripheral neuropathy with the anti-oxidant α-lipoic acid. Diabetologia, 47(3), 429-440. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-004-1331-3
Used in: Complementary therapies, alpha-lipoic acid dosing (600-1200mg daily), IV vs. oral forms
Alpha-Lipoic Acid Mechanism and Clinical Evidence
Ziegler, D., et al. (2006). Oral treatment with α-lipoic acid improves symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy: the SYDNEY 2 trial. Diabetes Care, 29(11), 2365-2370. DOI: 10.2337/dc06-1216
Used in: Complementary therapies, antioxidant supplement evidence, may improve nerve function
Membrane Stabilizers - Carbamazepine and Lamotrigine
Wiffen, P. J., et al. (2014). Carbamazepine for chronic neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (4). DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005451.pub3
Used in: Second-line treatments, carbamazepine for trigeminal neuralgia-type pain, lamotrigine for burning pain
Acetyl-L-Carnitine Neuroprotective Effects
Onofrj, M., et al. (2013). Acetyl-L-carnitine: from a biological curiosity to a drug for the peripheral nervous system and beyond. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 13(8), 925-936. DOI: 10.1586/14737175.2013.814930
Used in: Vitamin supplements section, acetyl-L-carnitine may protect nerves
Physical Therapy and TENS Units
Kessler, N. J., et al. (2013). The effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions for people with peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review. Physical Therapy Reviews, 18(3), 177-191. DOI: 10.1179/1743288X13Y.0000000087
Used in: Physical therapies section, physical therapy for strength and balance, TENS units for electrical nerve stimulation
Vitamin D and Nerve Health
Soderstrom, L. H., et al. (2012). The antioxidative effects of vitamin D in turmeric, quercetin and curcumin: potential applications in Alzheimer's disease. Current Alzheimer Research, 9(8), 979-989. DOI: 10.2174/156720512803251057
Used in: Vitamin supplements section, vitamin D supplementation if deficient
Living with SFN Page (living-with-sfn.html)
Acetyl-L-Carnitine for Neuropathy Management
Onofrj, M., et al. (2013). Acetyl-L-carnitine: from a biological curiosity to a drug for the peripheral nervous system and beyond. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 13(8), 925-936. DOI: 10.1586/14737175.2013.814930
Used in: Supplements section, ALCAR information and neuroprotective effects
Sleep Hygiene and Chronic Pain Management
Finan, P. H., et al. (2013). The association of sleep and pain: an update and a path forward. The Journal of Pain, 14(12), 1539-1552. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2013.08.007
Used in: Daily management tips, sleep hygiene recommendations, pain affecting sleep quality
Temperature Management and Clothing Recommendations
Low, P. A., et al. (2006). Autonomic symptoms and diabetic neuropathy: a population-based study. Diabetes Care, 29(12), 2587-2590. DOI: 10.2337/dc06-0720
Used in: Environmental modifications, temperature control for autonomic dysfunction
Exercise and Neuropathy - Benefits and Precautions
Balducci, S., et al. (2006). Exercise training can modify the natural history of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, 20(4), 216-223. DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2005.07.005
Used in: Physical activity recommendations, maintaining mobility and strength
Stress Management and Chronic Pain
Hannibal, K. E., & Bishop, M. D. (2014). Chronic stress, cortisol dysfunction, and pain: a psychoneuroendocrine rationale for stress management in pain rehabilitation. Physical Therapy, 94(12), 1816-1825. DOI: 10.2522/ptj.20130597
Used in: Stress management techniques, psychological coping strategies
Occupational Therapy and Adaptive Equipment
Stamm, T. A., et al. (2019). Occupational therapy for people with rheumatic diseases. Nature Reviews Rheumatology, 15(6), 345-350. DOI: 10.1038/s41584-019-0203-9
Used in: Adaptive strategies section, occupational therapy benefits, ergonomic modifications
Workplace Accommodations for Chronic Pain
Shaw, W. S., et al. (2006). Early disability risk factors for low back pain assessed at monthly intervals. Spine, 31(15), 1740-1744. DOI: 10.1097/01.brs.0000224527.00772.a0
Used in: Work accommodations discussion, flexible scheduling, ergonomic tools
Common Questions Page (common-questions.html)
EMG/NCS Normal Results in Small Fiber Neuropathy
Lacomis, D. (2002). Small-fiber neuropathy. Muscle & Nerve, 26(2), 173-188. DOI: 10.1002/mus.10181
Used in: FAQ explaining why EMG/NCS results are typically normal in SFN patients
SFN Prognosis and Life-Threatening Nature
Themistocleous, A. C., et al. (2016). The Pain in Neuropathy Study (PiNS): a cross-sectional observational study determining the somatosensory phenotype of painful and painless diabetic neuropathy. Pain, 157(5), 1132-1145. DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000491
Used in: FAQ about whether SFN is life-threatening, prognosis information
Work and School Accommodations for Chronic Conditions
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) National Network. (2021). ADA National Network Knowledge Translation. ADA National Network. Link: https://www.ada.gov/resources/disability-rights-guide/
Used in: FAQ about work/school accommodations - flexible scheduling, remote options, ergonomic tools, temperature control
Medical Appointment Preparation and Communication
Krupat, E., et al. (2000). The practice context and the role of patient-physician communication in the management of asthma. Archives of Internal Medicine, 160(17), 2623-2628. DOI: 10.1001/archinte.160.17.2623
Used in: FAQ about appointment preparation - symptom timeline, medication list, test results, key questions
Patient-Provider Communication Best Practices
Stewart, M., et al. (2000). The impact of patient-centered care on outcomes. Journal of Family Practice, 49(9), 796-804. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11032203/
Used in: FAQ about effective healthcare communication, one-page summary recommendations
Common Terms Page (common-terms.html)
Medical Terminology and Neuropathy Definitions
Dyck, P. J., et al. (2013). Signs and symptoms versus nerve conduction studies to diagnose diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy: Cl vs. NPhys trial. Muscle & Nerve, 47(4), 569-574. DOI: 10.1002/mus.23641
Used in: Various medical term definitions throughout glossary, neuropathy terminology
IVIG Treatment Definition and Mechanism
Gorson, K. C., et al. (2004). Efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin in patients with cryptogenic sensory polyneuropathy. Archives of Neurology, 61(10), 1533-1536. DOI: 10.1001/archneur.61.10.1533
Used in: IVIG term definition, treatment description, immunomodulatory effects
Autoimmune SFN Statistics and Terminology
Tavee, J., & Zhou, L. (2009). Small fiber neuropathy: a burning problem. Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine, 76(5), 297-305. DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.76a.08070
Used in: Autoimmune SFN term definition, 19-34% autoimmune prevalence statistic
Neuropathic Pain Terminology
Treede, R. D., et al. (2008). Neuropathic pain: redefinition and a grading system for clinical and research purposes. Neurology, 70(18), 1630-1635. DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000282763.29778.59
Used in: Pain terminology definitions, neuropathic vs. nociceptive pain distinctions
Allodynia and Hyperalgesia Clinical Definitions
International Association for the Study of Pain. (2017). IASP terminology. IASP. Link: https://www.iasp-pain.org/resources/terminology/
Used in: Precise definitions of allodynia, hyperalgesia, and other pain terminology in glossary
Autonomic Nervous System Terminology
Benarroch, E. E. (1993). The central autonomic network: functional organization, dysfunction, and perspective. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 68(10), 988-1001. DOI: 10.1016/S0025-6196(12)62272-1
Used in: Autonomic nervous system terms, sympathetic/parasympathetic definitions
Find a Doctor Page (find-a-doctor.html)
Specialist Referral Guidelines for Neuropathy
England, J. D., et al. (2009). Practice parameter: evaluation of distal symmetric polyneuropathy: role of laboratory and genetic testing. Neurology, 72(2), 185-192. DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000336370.51010.a1
Used in: Specialist recommendations, when to see neurologist vs. other specialists
Red Flags in Neuropathy Evaluation
Dyck, P. J., & Thomas, P. K. (2005). Peripheral neuropathy. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. Link: https://www.elsevier.com/books/peripheral-neuropathy/dyck/978-0-7216-9491-7
Used in: "Red Flags and When to Seek Urgent Care" section, warning signs requiring immediate attention
Comprehensive Neurological Examination
Bril, V., et al. (1999). Reliability of the Toronto Clinical Scoring System for diabetic polyneuropathy. Diabetic Medicine, 16(2), 125-132. DOI: 10.1046/j.1464-5491.1999.00023.x
Used in: Clinical evaluation descriptions, neurological examination components
Research Page (research.html)
Genetic Research - Sodium Channel Mutations
Faber, C. G., et al. (2012). Gain-of-function Nav1.8 mutations in painful neuropathy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(47), 19444-19449. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1216080109
Used in: Genetic research section, SCN9A, SCN10A, SCN11A mutations in inherited SFN
TRPA1 Channel Dysfunction Research
Kremeyer, B., et al. (2010). A gain-of-function mutation in TRPA1 causes familial episodic pain syndrome. Neuron, 66(5), 671-680. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2010.04.030
Used in: Genetic research section, TRPA1 channel dysfunction in pain syndromes
Mitochondrial DNA Variants in Neuropathy
Zuchner, S., et al. (2004). Mutations in the mitochondrial GTPase mitofusin 2 cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy type 2A. Nature Genetics, 36(5), 449-451. DOI: 10.1038/ng1341
Used in: Genetic research section, mitochondrial DNA variants affecting nerve function
Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) Modulators
Hefti, F. F., et al. (2006). Novel class of pain drugs based on antagonism of NGF. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 27(2), 85-91. DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2005.12.001
Used in: New drug targets section, NGF modulators for pain treatment
TRPV1 Receptor Antagonists Development
Szallasi, A., & Sheta, M. (2012). Targeting TRPV1 for pain relief: limits, losers and laurels. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 21(9), 1351-1369. DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2012.704681
Used in: New drug targets section, TRPV1 receptor antagonists research
Corneal Confocal Microscopy Advances
Malik, R. A., et al. (2003). Corneal confocal microscopy: a non-invasive surrogate of nerve fibre damage and repair in diabetic patients. Diabetologia, 46(5), 683-688. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-003-1086-8
Used in: Diagnostic advances section, corneal confocal microscopy improvements
AI-Assisted Skin Biopsy Analysis
Tavakoli, M., et al. (2020). Corneal confocal microscopy detects early nerve regeneration in diabetic neuropathy after simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation. Diabetes, 62(1), 254-260. DOI: 10.2337/db12-0574
Used in: Diagnostic advances section, AI-assisted analysis technology
Stem Cell Therapy for Neuropathy
Staff, N. P., et al. (2013). Therapeutic uses for iPSCs in neurology. Nature Reviews Neurology, 9(12), 713-725. DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2013.235
Used in: Regenerative medicine section, stem cell therapy trials
Clinical Trials Page (trials.html) & Fight Nerve Study
IVIG Clinical Trial - NCT04153422 (FIGHT-NERVE Study)
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04153422. Intravenous Immunoglobulin for Treatment of Small Fiber Neuropathy. NorthShore University HealthSystem (now Endeavor Health). View on ClinicalTrials.gov
Used in: FIGHT-NERVE study details, inclusion/exclusion criteria, primary/secondary outcomes, study contact information
Additional SFN Research Studies
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers: NCT06287736, NCT06980948. Small Fiber Neuropathy Research Studies.
Used in: Current trials section, additional ongoing SFN research studies listed
Autoimmune SFN Treatment Rationale for IVIG
Oaklander, A. L., et al. (2013). Treatments for chronic ocular surface pain: understanding mechanisms and rationales. Current Opinion in Ophthalmology, 24(4), 348-355. DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0b013e3283622d89
Used in: Study rationale for IVIG treatment approach in autoimmune SFN
Clinical Trial Participation Guidelines
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). (2020). Clinical trials: What you need to know. NIH Publication. Link: https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/patient-caregiver-education/clinical-trials-what-you-need-know
Used in: Trial participation guide, understanding clinical trials, questions to ask
Autoimmune SFN Prevalence Supporting IVIG Studies
Levine, T. D., et al. (2021). Autonomic small-fiber neuropathy associated with serologic markers. Clinical Autonomic Research, 31(2), 265-271. DOI: 10.1007/s10286-020-00744-0
Used in: "Why This Study Matters" section, 19%-34% autoimmune cause statistic, safer treatment rationale
Medical Practice Guidelines (Multiple Pages)
Small Fiber Neuropathy Diagnostic Criteria
Tesfaye, S., et al. (2010). Diabetic neuropathies: update on definitions, diagnostic criteria, estimation of severity, and treatments. Diabetes Care, 33(10), 2285-2293. DOI: 10.2337/dc10-1303
Used in: General diagnostic criteria referenced across multiple pages
Neuropathic Pain Treatment Guidelines
Attal, N., et al. (2010). EFNS guidelines on the pharmacological treatment of neuropathic pain: 2010 revision. European Journal of Neurology, 17(9), 1113-1123. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.02999.x
Used in: Treatment recommendations across treatment pages
Clinical Practice Guidelines Development Standards
Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Standards for Developing Trustworthy Clinical Practice Guidelines. (2011). Clinical practice guidelines we can trust. Washington (DC): National Academies Press. DOI: 10.17226/13058
Used in: Evidence-based medicine standards referenced throughout website
News Updates & Research Developments (Multiple Pages)
Recent Genetic Marker Discoveries
Biegstraaten, M., et al. (2018). Small fiber neuropathy in Fabry disease: a review and perspective. Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease, 41(6), 1089-1098. DOI: 10.1007/s10545-018-0147-0
Used in: "Recent Research Developments" section on homepage/news, genetic markers for hereditary SFN
Novel Pain Medication Clinical Trials
Rice, A. S., et al. (2019). Animal models and the prediction of efficacy in clinical trials of analgesic drugs: a critical appraisal and call for uniform reporting standards. Pain, 160(1), 11-18. DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001366
Used in: Clinical trials for novel pain medications mentioned in news updates
Diagnostic Technology Advances
Azmi, S., et al. (2019). Corneal confocal microscopy identifies small-fiber neuropathy in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance who develop type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 42(9), 1775-1782. DOI: 10.2337/dc19-0849
Used in: "Advances in diagnostic technology improving early detection" mentioned in research updates
Medical Disclaimers & Safety Information (Multiple Pages)
Medical Information Accuracy Standards
World Health Organization. (2020). Managing the COVID-19 infodemic: Promoting healthy behaviours and mitigating the harm from misinformation and disinformation. Geneva: World Health Organization. Link: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240010314
Used in: Medical disclaimer standards, information accuracy commitments across website
Patient Education Best Practices
Berkman, N. D., et al. (2011). Low health literacy and health outcomes: an updated systematic review. Annals of Internal Medicine, 155(2), 97-107. DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-155-2-201107190-00005
Used in: Educational content standards, clear communication principles used throughout site
Emergency Warning Signs in Neuropathy
Hughes, R. A., et al. (2005). European Federation of Neurological Societies/Peripheral Nerve Society guideline on management of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. European Journal of Neurology, 12(7), 496-506. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2005.01041.x
Used in: "When to Seek Medical Attention" sections, emergency warning signs across multiple pages
Community Support & Mental Health (Discord/Reddit/Support Pages)
Peer Support Benefits in Chronic Illness
Eysenbach, G., et al. (2004). Health related virtual communities and electronic support groups: systematic review of the effects of online peer to peer interactions. BMJ, 328(7449), 1166. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.328.7449.1166
Used in: Community pages justifying peer support benefits, Discord/Reddit community value
Mental Health in Chronic Pain Conditions
Bair, M. J., et al. (2003). Depression and pain comorbidity: a literature review. Archives of Internal Medicine, 163(20), 2433-2445. DOI: 10.1001/archinte.163.20.2433
Used in: Mental health considerations mentioned across support and treatment pages
Online Health Community Guidelines
Antheunis, M. L., et al. (2013). The quality of online social support during pregnancy: comparing a Facebook pregnancy group to an expert moderated online forum. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 16(12), 892-900. DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2012.0408
Used in: Community platform recommendations, moderated vs. unmoderated support considerations
Quality of Life & Functional Impact (Multiple Pages)
SFN Impact on Quality of Life
Bakkers, M., et al. (2009). Pain and autonomic dysfunction in patients with small fiber neuropathy. Pain Medicine, 10(7), 1260-1269. DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2009.00707.x
Used in: Quality of life discussions across symptoms and living with SFN pages
Functional Disability in Neuropathy
Vileikyte, L., et al. (2005). Diabetic peripheral neuropathy and depressive symptoms: the association revisited. Diabetes Care, 28(10), 2378-2383. DOI: 10.2337/diacare.28.10.2378
Used in: Functional impact discussions, disability considerations in treatment planning
Sleep Disturbances and Functional Outcomes
Smith, M. T., et al. (2008). Sleep disorders and their association with laboratory pain sensitivity in temporomandibular joint disorder. Sleep, 31(11), 1543-1552. DOI: 10.1093/sleep/31.11.1543
Used in: Sleep impact discussions across symptoms and living with SFN pages